How set Ubuntu server console resolution and font size

First of all, let`s start from resolution:

Resolution setting

1. While system booting press C. You will prompt in the grub console. The command vbeinfo can help you to find out what resolutions are supported.

vbeinfo

2. Open file /etc/default/grub and add next variables (if not exist):

GRUB_GFXMODE=1152x864x32           #this is supported value on my machine, 
                                   # yours can be different
GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=1152x864x32

3. Open file /etc/grub.d/00_header and set new values for:

if [ "x${GRUB_GFXMODE}" = "x" ] ; then GRUB_GFXMODE=1152x864x32 ; fi

if [ "x${GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD}" = "x" ]; then GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD=1152x864x32 ; fi

set gfxmode=${GRUB_GFXMODE}

set gfxplayload=${GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD}

It is possible you will need to add lines with GFXPAYLOAD - don`t hesitate:)

4. Update grub:

sudo update-grub

5. Reboot:

sudo shutdown -r now

Console font setting:

To set font try to execute this command:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-setup

You will see a nice interface to choose some options. On the third step I prefer to choose the Terminus font family, then on the next step 20x10 size. That`s all.

More information here, here and here